Surgery


Vacuum bottle by REDON

Redon Flasche
 

 

In the fifties of the 20th century, the high-vacuum suction system was perfected by Redon bottles. Under the term Redon drainage, it is firmly integrated into today's clinical routine. Two rubber fingers in the rubber stopper indicate the strength of the negative pressure.

 

The bottles are named after the French oral surgeon Henri Redon (1899-1974).

 

The evacuable glass bottles were replaced in 1971 by less breakable disposable plastic bottles.

Surgery


Voyage kit

Travel set, about 1880 

 

 

Surgical travel set
2 razors MONGIN / Marseille
1 tweezers MONGIN
1 clamp (no make)
__________________________
Probe holder (no make)
3 probes
2 scissors (bent, straight), MONGIN
1 hair tweezers (no make)
__________________________
2 scalpels, (hinged, with lock) MONGIN
1 Höllensteinstift
1 "Schweitzermesser" with 4 knives: 2 rounded, 2 pointed.

 

The company Mongin was founded in 1814 by a certain Nicolas Mongin and since then has been producing knives - it is now part of a larger group called "Groupe Mongin", in which the companies FAURE, GRINCOURT, LUM and SAOTM are combined.

Surgery


Wire loop by LAWSON-TAIT

 around 1900

 

 

"C’est au XIIIe siècle que Guillaume De Salicetto invente le premier serre noeud. Cette technique sera reprise par Fallopius, en 1562 sous la forme d’un lasso qui, laissé en place 2 à 3 jours, devait emprisonner les polypes et tomber avec eux" (Frédéric FACON, thèse 2002).

 

The KRISTELLER, CINTRAT and PEAN wire loop, they all worked with the same principle After the surgeon strangled the tumor stalk by turning the screw, the entire device had to be forced several times around its own axis to twirl the silver thread. Then the thread was cut with metal scissors.

 

In the catalog of the company "Aeskulap" from 1910 we find on p. 646 a very similar device under the name "Serre-noeud de LAWSON-TAIT". With him, as with our model, the two thread ends are attached to two separate buttons, while the other models all have a single button.

 

The British physician Robert LAWSON-TAIT (1845-1899) was considered the most important gynecologist of his time. Established in Birmingham, when sterilizing his instruments and hands he only trusted the hot water - nothing like Formol! He performed numerous abdominal operations and was particularly interested in the problem of the abdominal cavity pregnancy. In 1873 he published a "Traité des maladies des ovaires" and in 1879 a book on women's suffering par excellence.

 

The instrument seems to us to be a further development of the strangler unit of LEVRET, which laid a silver thread around the polyp stalk as early as 1770 and contracted it for days until the tumor became necrotic and fell off (Journal de médecine, chirurgie, pharmacie, chez Vincent à Paris, juin 1770 pp. 531-576).

Surgery


Wooden leg (2)

 

 

"Red Cross Collection in favor of voluntary nursing during the war "- painting by the history painter Adalbert von Roessler (* 1853 in Wiesbaden, died 1922 in Berlin, where he had lived).

 

On the right in the foreground of his picture, Rössler depicts an old man who is the "lucky" wearer of a wooden leg: hurt but not dead ...

 

 

On the nature of voluntary nursing at war
"Voluntary nursing, including voluntary war nursing, is (are) the state-supervised and supervised participation of non-military, nursing-trained persons (including women) in the wounded and medical service in war or the entirety of persons and associations entitled to such participation. Basically, in the German Reich, this authorization is granted exclusively to those associations that dedicate themselves to the purposes of nursing even in peace - these are the associations that make up the large, uniformly-governed association of the Teutsche associations of the Red Cross, and the Order of Knights: Johanniter , Malteser, St. Georg Knights A group or a person outside these two groups who, in the case of mobilization, makes themselves available for the purposes of the FK, proving their worthiness and ability, must attend one of the above-mentioned groups Under no circumstances may the F.K., according to the German War Sanctity Ordinance, be active in addition to the state nursing of the state, but it can only be admitted to the extent that it is inserted into the army organism and directed by the state authority. On the other hand, the state counts on its cooperation within certain fixed limits. It is therefore no longer just tolerated as before, but forms an integral part of the Kriegsssanitätsdienstes. The particular rights granted to it are subject to certain obligations. For the individual, therefore, only the decision to participate in the work of F. K. is voluntary. As soon as he belongs to the association of F. K., an attitude of the activity is possible only under certain conditions and in certain forms; In the mode of activity, too, the relationship between superiors and subordinates is everywhere rigorously enforced. The entire volunteer staff is under military service. Disciplin: as far as it is used in the theater of war, it is also subject to military jurisdiction, the laws of war and the disciplinary criminal code; On the other hand, it is in enemy territory as belonging to the military succession under military. Protection and state welfare with regard to accommodation, meals and the like. s. w. For identification purposes, each member of the F.K. used on the theater of war receives a uniform prescribed by the Ministry of War and carries on the left upper arm the officially stamped protection mark of the Geneva Convention (white bandage with red cross). The use of the F.K. should basically take place in the back of the fighting field army, i. H. in the field of stage inspections and their military hospitals on the battlefield "(Brockhaus 1896).

 

 

On the role of women in the catering of soldiers here an interesting contribution (Internet)
"Women have taken an active role in the two world wars, and recent work on gender relations in the war concludes that women have important functions not only on the" home front "to produce civilian and military goods, but also out of the hands of soldiers The emphasis was on actively participating in the war: as "front sisters", women were exposed to almost the same external conditions as the frontline soldiers, so that voluntary nursing in the war eventually became a female counterpart stylized to male defensiveness, with the women in part vigorously collaborated: "But you are a soldier and a soldier you have to be silent and to carry out the orders" (p.102), that was the statement of a nurse, so that the legal involvement into the military command hierarchy thos of the front sisters and the angels of peace intensified after the end of the war, when sisters like Elsa Brandström were adored by the former prisoners of war.
As motivation for the voluntary service in the military hospitals an activist need should be added. In worldly important times, one did not want to be aloof, but to pursue an activity during the war which was clearly different from that in peacetime. Disillusioned, the sisters report to their mother houses of long periods of boredom that differed from their expectations. But also contrary experiences are reflected in the letters, diaries and reports.

Surgery


Wooden leg (3)

 

 

In ancient times, Romans and Greeks made prosthetic legs. In the 5th century BC. The Greek poet Aristophan described in his poem "The Birds" an invalid with a wooden leg. The historian Herodotus told in the 4th century BC. in his book "Calliope" (Book IX, Chapter 37), the story of the Thereupon Hegesistratus of Elea, which dates back to 484 BC. chopped off a foot to escape the Spartans - he continued to live with a wooden prosthesis. Plutarch repeats the story of Hegesistratus in his "Moralia 479 b". One of the oldest archaeological references to a prosthetic leg is the "Stavefoot of Capua" excavated in 1858, a bronze instrument dating back to around 300 BC. came [it was lost in 1942 in the bombing of London].


www.kahutek.co.uk/puk/page.asp?page=103

 

Thigh amputations did not usually survive the patients. Until the 16th century, lower leg amputees helped themselves with simple wooden stilts. Ambroise PARE (1509-1590) designed a series of novel prostheses, with metal armor, a knee-articulated stalk and the "cuissard à pilon" used at the beginning of the 20th century. The prosthetic technique of everyday life was primitive. An exception was the leg of the "Kleine Lotharingers" from the 16th century. It was constructed in a tubular skeleton construction, with a sprung foot and locked knee joint, and was covered by a kind of knight's armor. It is a recurring example of craftsmanship and "high tech of the Middle Ages", comparable to the "Iron Hand of the Gotz von Berlichingen". For the well-to-do, in the 16th century, in addition to the stilts, there were already first prosthesis constructions. They had a sprung prosthetic foot and a movable knee joint. To sit, the knee was angled, it had to be locked when walking. Such prosthetics were unique items for the wealthy, in contrast to the stalk for the poor.

 

Ideal was the stilt for Unterschenkelamputierte. The remaining knee joint was bent and the rest of the lower leg was thrown up behind the thigh. In this way, the patient stood on his knee - a completely painless type of "kneeling" in which the stump was not loaded at all. Far less pleasant was the stilt for the thigh amputee. He "walked" on the painful stump, so to speak.

 

Famous bearer of a stilt leg was Peter Stuyvesant (1612-1672). In 1644, a cannonball had torn off his right lower leg [during the attack on the Portuguese island of St. Martin] - he had to be amputated (below the knee joint). In his native Holland, he had a wooden leg fabricated and from then on was called "Peg-leg-Pete". Equipped with the new leg, he set sail again - to what is now New York, where he became governor in 1647. A historical detail: during his administration, a first hospital was built in New Amsterdam (the southern tip of Manhattan, in what is now New York)!

 

Among the famous wooden leg bearers one should not forget the Dominican freedom fighter "Jambe de Bois", who "invented" the merengue dance in 1653, a dance in which only one leg is moved, the second is stiff. This anecdote just to show you that you can even be funny despite wooden leg!

- In 1589, Georg Rollenhagen (1542-1609) wrote his satire "The limping messenger" - the name was later the inspiration for the annual calendar, which appeared in 1676 in Basel, from 1707 in a French edition, 1851/52 in a Luxembourgish version "The limping of Luxembourg Messenger ", from which our grandparents received weather forecasts and other wisdom.

- In 1800 London prosthetist James POTTS designed a wooden leg, the "Anglesey leg", for Henry Paget Marquis of Anglesey, with toes raised above artificial tendons when the knee was flexed. Until the middle of the 19th century but the simple wooden stilts remained the usual leg replacement. Joiner, carpenter and village blacksmith shared the work - each copy was a custom-made.

- During the American Civil War (1861/65) 30,000 soldiers were amputated - a whole industry now lived to provide these people with prostheses.

The stilt was light and allowed a maneuverable walking. Turning around was a breeze! Despite the prosthesis but the war disabled could only exercise very simple professions. In 1878, Theodor Fontane (1819-1898) told in his story "Vor dem Sturm" about "old mothers, primitive tabloids, finally peduncles, who offered all sorts of leaflets in addition to the two Berlin newspapers". Some "Stelzfuss" came in its poverty on the wrong track. So Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930) in his 1890 crime novel "The Sign of the Four", the villains by the woody Small embody ...

World War I left thousands of amputee veterans behind

Surgery


Wooden leg (1)

 

 

The topic of the Wooden leg was popular with romantic authors, the crippling inevitably brought the social descent with it. For example, Franz Grillparzer (1791-1872) described an impoverished cripple in his 1847 narrative "The Poor Minstrel."
"An old, invalid foot, who wanted to make the pain of his wounding touch the general compassion in an analogous way on a terrible, apparently made by himself instruments, half dulcimer and half barrel organ."

 

One thinks of the fairy tale of Hans Christian Andersen "The swineherd", and of the cheerful opera by Bernhard Sekles "Die ten Kisses" (staging: Christian Schuller): the opera of the composition teacher Paul Hindemith, which premiered in 1926, deals with the fable of a spoiled , vain and ultimately impressive princess in a very headstrong way.

 

The theme appears only casually on postcards from the "Belle Epoque".

Presented is a postcard showing the swineherd of Mondorf, as he drives around 1907 his flock through the "Önneschtgaas" to "Schwéngsbaam", an old oak, where the animals were allowed to graze. Pierre HIPPERT was not joking about his name - he "hipped", i. limped because he was wearing a wooden leg on the right side. People called him "Hasky's Pitt" ...

 

ahd and mdh. swein, ndd. sween, meaning "swineherd". "Sweene" [swineherd], who are to guard the "swyn", [the swine] "hoeden soelen". In the Carolingian period, there is talk of an "apscua porcorum", a grazing pasture for pigs. Also one of my ancestors was around 1770 "custos pecorum" Viehirte resp. "custos porcorum" - swineherd ...

 

The shepherd belongs to a bygone world, when in summer the cows were guarded by the cow-boys for a often miserable pay, the shepherd drove his herd of 200-300 sheep across the corridor, the village herder drove his pig herds along the ways to the edge of the forest, where she was chewing beechnuts and acorns ... He made, without explicitly knowing what he was doing, for keeping open the heath land and removing the unwelcome woody plants.

 

Map N. Schumacher / Mondorf n ° 64; the map n ° 63 is the same shepherd, but is a photo montage, in which the stalk leg is unfortunately not visible ...

Surgery


Wooden leg (4)

 

 

We present a  postcard, taken on the promenade in front of the town hall of Le Havre; a man with a wooden leg, accompanied by a chique wife. Two men turn and gaze at the cripple - bashful, the photographer fixes the motive of the limping man on his plate, as the man looks a moment to the Chaussée, where a horse drove rattles over the cobblestones.


On the back of the card: "Look the man with a wooden leg" - written by an "Eugène" to "Miss E. Denham" in Cowes / England on 23.5.1911.

 

In contrast to his fellow sufferer from Mondorf, this man also uses crutches!

 

The city of Le Havre, founded in 1517 as a war and commercial port on the Seine estuary, quickly became a major center, home of the India Company and center, through which exports and imports to and from the United States ran. 1538 Foundation of a hospital. The city became rich through the trade in coffee and cotton, but also by ... the slave trade, which flourished from 1716 to 1793. In the 19th century, the city became an industrial city. In 1870, the city absorbed a number of industrialists from Alsace. In the city center arose rich real estate, hotels, a stock exchange, mostly built in the swashbuckling Haussmanian style, a "Petit Paris". In the hinterland suburbs, in which the social misery dammed: prostitution, beggary, violence; a lot of social fuel so! The city, which had already been roused by the "rouges" in the 18th century, became the stronghold of the communists; it was shaken by social unrest in the late 19th century (from 1886) ...

 

From 1830, Le Havre became a sophisticated seaside resort, where the Haute Volée of Paris was busy, spending money, investing money, lots of money! Painters, artists moved to the city. This colorful mixture of speculators, tourists, asocials and elements of the "bohême" can be recognized on the promenade in front of the townhouse again ...

 

The promenade in front of the town hall of Le Havre sank in September 1944 to rubble and ashes when the city was bombed by the Allies after serving as a base for the German troops. After 1945, the city was rebuilt - an Eldorado for concrete architects.